Following facts have been taken out from the records of Akash Bank Ltd. in respect of the year ending on 31 December 2010:

1. On 1 January 2010 bills for collection were Rs.14,00,000. During 2010, bills received for collection amounted to Rs.1,29,00,000, bills collected were Rs.94,00,000 and bills discounted and returned were Rs.11,00,000. Prepare bills for collection (asset) A/c and bills for collection (liability) A/c.
2. On 1 January 2010, acceptances, endorsements, etc., not satisfied, amounted to Rs.29,00,000. During the year under question, acceptances, endorsements, guarantee, etc. amounted to Rs.88,00,000. Bank honoured acceptances to the extent of Rs.50,00,000 and clients paid off Rs.20,00,000 against the guaranteed liability. Clients failed to pay 2,00,000, which the Bank had to pay. Prepare the acceptances, endorsements and other obligations A/c as it would appear in the general ledger.
3. It is found from the books that a loan of Rs.12,00,000 was advanced on 30 June 2010 at an interest of 10% p.a. payable half-yearly; but the loan was outstanding as on 31 December 2010 without any payment recorded either towards principal or interest. The security for the loan was 20,000 fully paid shares of Rs.100 each (market value was Rs.98 as per the Stock Exchange Information as on 31 June 2010. But due to fluctuation, the price has fallen to Rs.60 per share in October 2010. On 31 December 2010, the price as per Stock Exchange rate was Rs.82 per share). State how would you classify the loan as secured/unsecured in the balance sheet of the company.
4. The following balances are extracted from the trial balance as on 31 March 1997:

It is ascertained that the proportionate discounts not yet earned for bills to mature in 1998 amount to Rs.28,000. Prepare ledger accounts.